they should automatically have an ID when they are built.
Although making building faster, I think not assigning IDs automatically, but instead using circuit network can allow advanced users to do complicated combinator setups, dynamically connecting different teleporters to eachother depening on conditions. For example fetching different resources from different teleporters based on demand, teleporting trains based on where they want to go or what they are carrying. So I think it's not wise to change this.
I would like to be able to give each teleporter an arbitrary name.
I would also be happy if it were possible to control it with a circuit.
As far as I know Factorio combinators can only output numbers.
Technically it is possible to crate a custom combinator, that could transmit text info, but it would be very complicated for users to set up.
Currently the ID numbers assigned using circuit network are displayed as nicknames in manual dialing user interface. It is not as human-readable as text, but works.
I could add a nickname combinator entity, that can be opened to write a nickname string and it will transmit nickname over wire to the connected teleporter. I am not sure how the dynamic assignment would work using circuit signals. If there are any simple ideas, how to set text-based names in that entity using circuits, I would consider adding the nickname combinator.