The recipe to get ice from oxide asteroids doesn't seem to ever unlock and the recipe to melt ice unlocks with blue science, but you need water to make the sulfur for blue science.

Since carbonic asteroids don't spawn at Nauvis, there doesn't seem to be any way to get carbon for white science without going to another planet... which requires white science.

Looking through the factoriopedia, it seems that the various medium planet-unique asteroids break into the vanilla asteroid types, so there is no way to actually obtain the new chunks.

Lastly, this is not quite a hard block like the other things, but a minimalistic red+green science setup uses up all available solar energy immediately. You have to beeline directly for solar power before you can even think about expanding, which is quite a long time to be twiddling your thumbs unable to set up anything more. I don't even particularly mind being forced into one tech path for a challenge like this, I just think maybe the tech should be reduced to cost 50 packs taking 10 seconds each instead of 250 packs taking 30 seconds each.