First, congrats on beating Rubia.
Rubia is currently not compatible with an any planet start. I did not implement it because it would have taken a very long time to fully design in a way that aligns with Rubia’s design philosophy. Specifically, a proper AnyPlanetStart would include 1) ways to get all the other sciences in a way that let you get all the techs you skipped, 2) tech tree redesign to work with getting all these techs as you go along, 3) a way to leave Rubia properly. As this is a large undertaking, I still do not have plans to add AnyPlanetStart compatibility.
I understand that you find yourself in a precarious position, but I simply do not have plans to design a whole separate crafting chain and tech tree to support it. I recommend you use whichever cheats/mod you used to get your save file into this position to also get the missing parts you need to continue your playthrough. Be advised that you will quickly run into the reasons why I do not support it.