Thanks for report :) I'll fix the nitric acid stuff for next release.
The numbers of some of those recipes are taken from real sources i found on internet. My idea of balancing is the following: If i have a recipe that produces 1% of some rare recource, the intermediate product should also only use 1% of its cost of that rare resource. I noticed in my testing that this approach is not really good when numbers get so low (iridium is a really rare metal on earth and on nauvis :D).
My current best solution that I have planned is to add many of the rare resources as asteroids. If the factorio engine allows it i will also add asteroid belts. When the space plattform reaches the asteroid belt there will be a big abundance of those metals (you will not be able to land there). I have this feature currently planned for version 0.3.16.