When you need to call down the thunder to deal with those pesky biters, launch a rocket with an ion cannon into orbit and show the bugs who's boss.
Update for Factorio 2.1
I see there are options to make the research earlier, but in my last playthrough, having it before you leave Nauvis felt way overpowered, and diminished the need for any other defenses (artillery, tesla, etc.). I'd like to suggest an option that moves it after Fulgora, Vulcanus, and Gleba are complete by requiring those 3 sciences.