Slowing down boilers or steam engines is not easily possible at least, maybe with a lot of script shenanigans but it would also have bad performance considering how many of them you have in a game and so this isn't something i will be looking at.
As for nuclear reactors...i know of one way to make them take longer to get up to temperature. But it's also a bit messy and so i'm not sure i wanna include that. Basically, if you reduce the reactor power but then also raise the efficiency of turbines, they will take longer to increase their temperature while generating the same amount of power, but any other (modded) entities using steam turbines will be affected and break their balancing.