I can't seem to find a way to insert modules into things (e.g. speed into miners, production into centrifuge etc...)

There are a limited number of items that can be carried by the player in your inventory, for example copper coil, and modules. So pick them up from a chest and place them where ever you like. You can also remove them from assemblers or any building that you Amp up.

You also can pick up every vehicle and any item you would outfit into a spidertron. Keep in mind that once you deploy a vehicle, you can not pick it up again, and vehicles can not manually (space bar) fire bullets or rockets. Spidertrons can fire rockets automatically, if you set them to auto fire. I prefer lasers in a spidertron, using bots, repair packs and a personal roboport for repairs while fighting.

Enjoy!

Thanks