Thanks for sharing the map. I now have a rough idea what happens (and some more ideas on how to fix it).
Currently, when addressing a delivery, all potential providers are enumerated, sorted and then the "best fit provider" is chosen. This comes from the assumption that 'every train in every depot can go to every provider'. Now LTN selects a train from the pool of available trains and it does so by also checking the path length from the depot to the provider. In the past, this was a simple "straight line between the depot and provider", shortest distance calculation and then the delivery got scheduled. Now, LTN actually asks the game with LuaTrainManager#request_train_path and what happens is that there is no train that has a route to the chosen provider. In case of the "hydrogen", there are actually multiple stations providing it but the one that was chosen, there is no path (there are paths to all the other ones).
This complicates things. Basically, LTN needs to determine for all potential providers whether there is a train that can travel to it. So instead of "one requester -> one provider -> find pool of trains, select one", this is now "one requester, multiple providers, find for each provider a pool of trains that can travel, then choose a provider / train combination that is "best fit".
I have started poking at that but it will take a bit longer to actually work (and then I need to make sure that I don't break all the other things like reverse trains, Space Exploration travel through elevevator etc).