Im unsure if this is unavoidable and im also aware you recommend to remove the mod as soon as possible.
But currently your mod causes 11ms of update time (script) on a Save with only Nauvis generated, 1500 Radius revealed map and all biters removed in 1000 radius. nothing is placed, no inserter, burner or assember.
Just to be noted my PC is very "beefy" for Factorio (CPU: 9950x3d RAM: 6000MTs Cl26)
Incase this is unintended, i kindly ask you too look into this and if needed i can assist fruther.

TYVM in advance
Eulenberg

steps to reproduce:

/c local radius=1500
game.player.force.chart(game.player.surface, {{game.player.position.x-radius, game.player.position.y-radius}, {game.player.position.x+radius, game.player.position.y+radius}})

/c local surface=game.player.surface
local pp = game.player.position
local cnt = 0
for key, entity in pairs(surface.find_entities_filtered({force="enemy", radius=1000, position=pp })) do
cnt = cnt+1
entity.destroy()
end
game.player.print(cnt)

Sounds like a bug to me. Will look into it.

were you able to reproduce this? just asking to make sure its not a hardware fault

I didn't look into it yet.

Fixed it by doing the continuous inserter discovery per chunk instead of per surface. A full cycle may now take longer, and CPU cost per chunk is actually higher. But UPS impact is now roughly divided by 100 for your test case and is still divided by 10 when scaling up to a radius of 5000.

BTW, my system is just a 7800X3D (only one CCD) and got half of your ms cost before I fixed this bug. Your game might run on the non-X3D CCD and you might get another performance upgrade by fixing that.

I rerun all tests again with 1.0.0. and got avg of 4 - 4.5ms on the 1500 revealed map, with a peak of 11-14 ms , 4/0.013/14.6(avg/low/max) in F5 menu, might be some settings were off back then maybe power plan or smth, but still ty for bringing it up. I installed 1.0.1 and script time is down to 0.065 ms on avg. awesome have a good one!