I noticed it with Krastorio but didn't do any testing with other mods.
I think it is if the equipment is a modified version of a vanilla piece vs a new/extended piece.
Some stuff that works (portable fusion reactor, shield mk1/2, personal sniper laser defense mk1)
Some stuff that does not work (small portable generator, shield mk3/4, personal sniper laser mk3-4, personal submachine laser mk1-4)
I did a test with the spidertron_mk3, went into prototypes/spidertron_mk3/equipment_grid and changed equipment_categories = {"armor"} to equipment_categories = { "armor", "universal-equipment", "robot-interaction-equipment" } and I was able to equip a few test pieces (that were un equipable before) and they worked.