Would it be possible to prevent the swap, perhaps with a warning message, if I'm attempting to swap from a roboport armor to a non-roboport one and the bots are out?

Alternatively, preventing swap with a personal roboport on would also work. Sometimes I forget to switch it off, then when I swap from running armor to fighting armor, I have to cycle through the construction armor and if there are ghosts nearby all the bots get out in the first split second, they take half of my inventory with them and head off on a journey never to be seen again.

I too suffer from this and I hate it. My personal "solution" if it could be called that is to make sure that every one of my armors always has at least 1 roboport in it, even if that armor doesn't have any way to power it. That seems to reassure bots in the air that they have a place to land.

I like your idea of preventing a swap from a roboported armor to a non-roboported armor. I'll see if I can make something like that happen.