That's a game bug, it only shows it in the tooltips - the actual damage of the enemies is different.
Demonstration:
/c game.player.force.set_ammo_damage_modifier("biological",1000) game.player.surface.create_entity{name="small-spitter", position = game.player.position, force = "enemy"}
it won't onehit you but show "damage: 12+12000 acid"
i already created a bug report on the forums:
https://forums.factorio.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76468