Did you test with the sprite and prototype caching experimental settings turned on? https://i.imgur.com/nPd71TR.jpeg
I did not know that setting menu even existed, but even after enabling the setting and testing with all three planet mods, the game still loads fine for me. Tested with atlas count of 3 and the default of 1 (not sure if that would make any difference), but no difference.
Trying to test the save file, but I can't even get it to load for other reasons, maybe the settings didn't sync up properly, but I can't load into the game with these mods, something about rocket silo jet flame png missing from the base game? Specifically:
File __base__/graphics/entity/rocket-silo/10-jet-flame.png not found
Neither my Steam install, nor my standalone install of Factorio have that png in the base game files. Unfortunately, we seem to be a on 12 hour time difference, because I would normally be asleep by now, so not about to do any extensive testing, but-
Ah, I found it almost instantly, the problem was Companion Drones, that version is no longer functional with the latest versions of Factorio, not sure how you got that working on your side.
But anyways, after disabling that one mod, game loaded up just fine for me.
What I Loaded Into
Lignumis Map
And finally, the Space Map, with perfectly functional orbit textures around Secretas/Frozeta and Gleba/Terra Palus/Panglia: