I checked out that mod. Yes, based on the description Beacon Rebalance is complete rip-off from SE mechanics.
As for doing it by yourself, probably Beacon Rebalance would be a perfect base for starting experimenting with code but it really depends on your programming skills. You could take some other mod that adds new modules and look how they did it to create your own.
If you for example know what is Dictionary in Python or HashMap in Java it would be not very hard for you because adding new modules is simply creating couple new objects and extending base game objects storage with them. But if right now you're wondering what this nerd is talking about, then probably you need to start from something simpler.
There are guides on Youtube about basic Factorio modding, I started with them. I would suggest to watch them and create your first mod that simply add one single recipe turning iron ore into iron plate using inventory craft without furnace. But anyway, it depends.
Finally, despite guides telling you that you could do mods in ordinary notepad application, I would suggest to install an IDE - an advanced notepad if you allow to say so, it could make your development must easier. Try Jetbrains InteliJ Idea Community edition, it is free and powerful and supports LUA scripting and syntax highlight