The best way to think of source/push and sink/pull stations is that they are similar to how logistics chests work.
- Source: equivalent to passive provider chests, pull stations can request from these, sink stations can not
- Sink: kind of like storage chests, these only accept items from push stations, but unlike storage chests, they can't be requested from
- Push: equivalent to active provider chests, these may send to either pull or sink stations
- Pull: equivalent to requester chests, these may request from source or push stations
For a vanilla-like system where you don't have byproducts that you need to get rid of, you probably want to use Source for your providers, and Pull for your requesters.
Throughput is the main value the mod uses to decide how big of a buffer a station needs to have. If you set it to 15 on a request station, then you are saying "I want to be able to get 15 items/fluid per second out of this station". If you've added that item to the network, you'll see that adjusting this value changes the "storage needed" value. For providers, throughput doesn't actually affect how the mod behaves, it's just so you know how much storage space you need in your chests or tanks.
Latency is just another value that increases the size of the buffer at a station. It can generally be considered an optional, advanced customisation, and the default value of 30 seconds is usually going to be fine. You might want to set this really high for example if want a station to request a lot more items than it needs, just for storage, for example.
In summary, to get a delivery happening:
- Make sure items/fluids are added in the network window
- Make sure either the provider is set to push, or the requester is set to pull
Also make sure the values the stations show for "current surplus" and "current deficit" are at least the value of "delivery size". If a provider doesn't have enough to provide a full delivery, then a train won't be dispatched. The same for requesters, they need to be missing at least a full delivery's worth.
Also, you've probably already seen them, but all of the options have tooltips (see the little (i) icons), though the explanations in there are fairly terse. Let me know if there's anything else I can clarify :)