Something in the 0.5.0 to 0.5.1 update process causes huge amounts of RAM to be used when loading an existing save.
My existing save went from using around 4GB RAM when loaded, to using over 10GB when first loaded with the 0.5.1 version.
This was a challenge to get working - PC swapping like mad for ages, and factorio crashed due to low memory on the first attempt.
Once I managed to load the game and re-save it, it seems OK, so just something about the upgrade process I think.