A challenge mod that removes all those "unnecessary" recipes. Any recipe not required for making science or making the buildings to make science is removed. No more light armor, fast belts, chests, underground pipes... Attempt at your own risk.
Notes:
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Anything needed for science directly is craftable as normal. Anything that is just a building needed for science must be made in one of the starting "crashed ship centrifuges" that you now start with. Centrifuges themselves are not craftable.
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Also, I included the burner mining drill even though it's not technically needed for the run and I'm generous enough to make it so you don't have to handmine everything! In addition, red wire and green wire recipes are included despite not being necessary since you can already get around their nonexistence with blueprints anyways.
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Don't trust the technologies when they say they unlock various recipes. I haven't gotten around to disabling those "effects" (they won't actually work). Below is a complete list of recipes that work as normal and recipes that must be crafted in the centrifuges.
Craftable as normal:
"speed-module",
"basic-oil-processing",
"advanced-oil-processing",
"sulfuric-acid",
"plastic-bar",
"solid-fuel-from-petroleum-gas",
"sulfur",
"lubricant",
"iron-stick",
"iron-gear-wheel",
"electronic-circuit",
"transport-belt",
"inserter",
"pipe",
"copper-cable",
"automation-science-pack",
"logistic-science-pack",
"engine-unit",
"rail",
"copper-plate",
"iron-plate",
"stone-brick",
"steel-plate",
"chemical-science-pack",
"production-science-pack",
"utility-science-pack",
"advanced-circuit",
"processing-unit",
"electric-furnace",
"electric-engine-unit",
"flying-robot-frame",
"battery",
"low-density-structure",
"rocket-fuel",
"rocket-control-unit",
"rocket-part",
"productivity-module",
"concrete" -- Necessary for crafting the rocket silo (this could technically be a centrifuge only item, but centrifuges can't take the water input)
Centrifuge-only items:
"assembling-machine-2",
"stone-furnace",
"boiler",
"steam-engine",
"burner-mining-drill",
"offshore-pump",
"small-electric-pole",
"lab",
"rocket-silo",
"pumpjack",
"oil-refinery",
"chemical-plant",
"red-wire",
"green-wire"
Credit to _CodeGreen on the factorio discord for the underground belt emulator shown in one of the pictures.