Every time I try to build the interplanetary teleporter, I get a message that says "Building interplanetary teleporter failed due to AAI programmable vehicles. This teleporter will not function.".

From what I can gather (sorry, I don’t have much time and only looked at it quickly), it seems that AAI programmable vehicles are adding or modifying some behaviors related to the turrets and forces, which is causing the teleporter to behave oddly. I wasn’t able to replicate your exact error, but I encountered other, even weirder issues.
I can't promise, but I'll check more if I have time

IIRC, there is an option in AAI programmable vehicles settings to exclude certain "vehicles"; you can try that for a temporary solution for now.