When using Full Power Coverage by Morhe, the inside of the factory is unpowered - I need to run power poles from the substation at the entrance to the rest of my factory, treating it as a steam turbine / solar panel as a source of power
Yes. That's a bug in the Full Power Coverage mod. Sometimes it unfortunately reduces the coverage radius of electric poles if they have more coverage than connection radius. I've reported it ages ago with a fix but it hasn't been fixed yet.