Well, first I have to remember what I've done almost half a year.
The file you'd want to edit is control.lua, but it has tricky optimizations which makes understanding it difficult.
I used sort of "superchunks" to group a set of chunks, which is currently 4x4 chunks, in order to quickly determine proximity of player's structures. The number of 192 tiles comes from (chunk_size * 4 + 0.5) where chunk_size is 32 tiles (0.5 comes from average of distance from the edges of the superchunks). Those "superchunks" are stored in a local map "playermap".
So one way to expand the radius is to increase the size of superchunks by replacing likely "4"s in control.lua (I wanted it to be easily customizable by replacing it with a variable named playermap_freq, but somehow I forgot to finish that task).
Another way would be to stop using superchunks to detect player's structures at all. However, if my understanding is correct, there are more generated chunks in a map than you can see in the in-game map, so you may need more memory and disk space than you may expect.