Mods introducing new content into the game.
Large total conversion mods.
Small changes concerning balance, gameplay, or graphics.
Providing the player with new tools or adjusting the game interface, without fundamentally changing gameplay.
Scenarios, maps, and puzzles.
Collections of mods with tweaks to make them work together.
Translations for other mods.
Lua libraries for use by other mods and submods that are parts of a larger mod.
Transportation of the player, be it vehicles or teleporters.
Augmented or new ways of transporting materials - belts, inserters, pipes!
Trains are great, but what if they could do even more?
New ways to deal with enemies, be it attack or defense.
Armors or armor equipment.
Changes to enemies or entirely new enemies to deal with.
Map generation and terrain modification.
New Ores and resources as well as machines.
Things related to oil and other fluids.
Related to roboports and logistic robots.
Entities which interact with the circuit network.
Furnaces, assembling machines, production chains.
Changes to power production and distribution.
More than just chests.
Change blueprint behavior.
Play it your way.
Just some things from No Mans Sky that you can do parallel to your factory to generate more science packs. Start doing the carbon from the trees. Then use a assembling machine to produce ammonia mixing carbon with water. From it you can do all the products and farming the plants gives you resources forever.
Mods introducing new content into the game.